Thirty-years-war ❲FAST❳

The war ended with a series of treaties that fundamentally reshaped the world:

What started as a clash between and Catholic states within the Holy Roman Empire eventually became a "who’s who" of European powers. thirty-years-war

It established the "Westphalian System," the idea that a nation has exclusive rights over its own territory and domestic affairs (including religion). The war ended with a series of treaties

The Peace of Augsburg was reaffirmed and expanded to include Calvinism, effectively ending the era of large-scale religious wars in Europe. thirty-years-war

Sweden, Denmark, and—most notably— France joined to weaken the Habsburgs. Interestingly, Catholic France fought on the Protestant side, proving that national interest (limiting German power) had become more important than religious solidarity. 3. The Human Cost