Sardine

Sardines belong to the family Clupeidae [5, 14]. Key species include the European sardine ( Sardina pilchardus ) [4] and the Pacific sardine ( Sardinops sagax ) [33].

Emerging "skincare in a can" trends highlight their ability to boost collagen and overall skin health [19]. sardine

The sardine, often referred to interchangeably with the pilchard [29], is a small, nutrient-dense pelagic fish of immense economic, ecological, and cultural importance [5]. This report outlines the biological classification, nutritional value, current fishery status, and emerging cultural trends surrounding this species. 1. Biological and Taxonomic Overview Sardines belong to the family Clupeidae [5, 14]

As small pelagic fish, they are a more sustainable seafood choice with lower mercury levels compared to larger predatory fish [15]. 3. Fisheries and Stock Management is a small