He notes that many groups were wealthy long before they encountered poorer groups, suggesting that disparities often stem from cultural and geographic factors rather than just exploitation.
From being conquered by Romans and Normans to building the world’s largest empire. Conquests and Cultures: An International History
Exploring the internal and external slave trades and the impact of "low-cost" European imperialism. He notes that many groups were wealthy long
A history of vulnerability due to geography, followed by long-term German and later Russian influence. Conquests and Cultures: An International History