Grammar — Complete German

The direct object (who is receiving the action). Dative: The indirect object (to/for whom). Genitive: Possession (whose).

These nouns are then placed into one of four , which indicate the noun’s function in a sentence: Nominative: The subject (who is doing the action). Complete German Grammar

Articles (the/a) and adjectives must change their endings to "agree" with both the gender and the case of the noun, making the start of a German sentence a dense concentration of grammatical information. Verb Logic and Word Order The direct object (who is receiving the action)